Reflection Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Reflection Paper - Essay Example The craving of youngsters is to have guardians that who take a solid individual enthusiasm for helping them build up their aptitudes and have discover their way throughout everyday life (Treybig, 2007). Higher parent association in a kid’s life expands the impact these force figures have in their kids. The moral qualities and good improvement of teenagers are in this way molded towards the worth arrangement of the specific family. Another source that affected my moral qualities was the training I got during my adolescent years and at an opportune time in school. I generally admired my instructors and school educators. They showed me the significance of respectability, polished methodology and high moral gauges throughout everyday life and in the working environment. I’ve taken some school seminars on the issue and they have been exceptionally useful at furnishing me with the hypothetical ideas and reasonable models on moral issues. 2. How do your own persuasions and your Defining Moments sway your dynamic in the work environment? Recollect Badarraco (1997) states that extremely important occasions have three components: uncovering, testing, and forming (57). One pivotal occasion I had in an expert setting was the point at which I fill in as an advisor for a relative throughout a mid year in a beginning up venture. My uncle needed exhortation on the best way to raise capital for his business. He had an incredible item, yet required cash to carry it to the market. He knew about a counseling firm that had political impacts and could assist him with handling some seed cash from some legislative projects for private companies. I instructed him to oblige the thought and suggested a gathering with the people. During the principal meeting I got a genuine look at what defilement is about. I initially thought these people were genuine representatives whose associations depended on long stretches of experience systems administration and managing the normal issues of little organizations. The primary things they approached was for two or three thousands dollars to get

Manus for example refuses to speak Essay Example for Free

Manus for instance will not speak Essay The initial development can be alluded to as the get-together where the characters are acquainted with the audience9. It is clear that the succession wherein Friel presents the characters to the crowd in front of an audience is huge. Basically, a conspicuous perception to make would be the passage of the Irish people group to the stage, trailed by the English. In any case, the passageway of the Irish people group to the stage alone is similarly significant, fittingly beginning with Manus, Sarah and Jimmy Jack. These characters are the least tolerating of Englands imperialism, and decline to recognize the inescapable changes (Manus for instance will not communicate in English. ). It is very fitting subsequently that Owen is the last Irish part to enter the stage; for he has grasped the unavoidable changes, however he has united with the English to uphold them. Dissimilar to his sibling Hugh, and the other Irish individuals, he neglects to value that the underlying foundations of the Irish culture are veiled in language. Friel likewise has extra thinking for such an example of passage. Hughs entrance following his participation at the immersion of Nellie Ruadhs infant for instance upgrades the significance of naming in the play. I unequivocally concur with the pundit Leon Litvack who stresses It isn't so much the naming and the changing of names, yet what that implies and what those names connote in a specific context10. In the second and third acts there is festivity and breakdown together. Successfully, Friel contrasts the initial two celebratory acts with the last demonstration of breakdown, to speak to the dispersing of the Irish individuals and the breakdown of the Irish culture. Hughs come back from the initiating of Nellie Ruadhs child in Act one and his arrival from the babys wake in Act three represents all the while Britains imperialism of Ireland, and the passing of the Irish language. Baile Beag can be seen in Translations as a microcosm of Ireland11. Likewise, one could consequently bolster the view that the longing of the English to make a guide is itself a microcosm Englands want to colonize Ireland. Subsequently, Friel utilizes this to speak to how the foundations of the Irish culture are wrecked, through the devastation of Irelands place names. Lanceys blinkered proclamation that a guide is a portrayal on paper fortifies this perspective. Be that as it may, I can't help contradicting pundits, for example, Andrews who over historicize the play, guaranteeing that Friel endeavored to depict the guide as an outrageous demonstration of expansionism. So as to address Friels supposed chronicled blunders Andrews asserts that the guide was considerably more of a common measure, as opposed to an abusive military act. On the side of Friels own words that the play has to do with language and language just it is essential to feature the connection among names and character. Friel keeps up that names, culture and connections (typified in language), set up personality. He bolsters this hypothesis through the character of Sarah, a young lady with discourse troubles, quieted by the colonizers she realizes she can't. She shuts her mouth. Her head goes down. Rather than this, in A Passage to India Forster recommends that character is found on a progressively profound level, and is just veiled by names, culture and connections. Unexpectedly, while Forster centers around the unpredictability of three distinct religions, places and seasons to underline the significance of the individual, Friel receives the little fence school of Baile Beag, and the individual connections inside the school to pressure the essentialness of language for a bigger scope, and its significance while considering Irelands loss of personality through colonization. In A Passage to India Forster questions the significance of language, connections and culture, outlining the noteworthiness of the profound comprehension of the person. Forster accomplishes this fundamentally through the character of Mrs Moore, and the otherworldliness of Hinduism. Be that as it may, the issue of imperialism is less significant in A Passage to India, and assumes a progressively conspicuous job in Friels Translations. Not at all like Forster, through the imperialism of Baile Beag Friel exhibits his conviction that the center of a people independence is held in language, and without it their way of life, connections and names are lost.

A Theory of Justice by J. Rawls Book Report

A Theory of Justice by J. Rawls Book Report/Review - 2 A Theory of Justice by J. Rawls â€" Book Report/Review Example > The book outlines the opinions of Rawls on social contract theory. In this case, it provides the principles of justice in giving basic rights and distinguishing social benefits in any given society. The main thesis surrounds the role of justice, components of justice and the theories used in delegating justice. The author outlines the essence of justice in social institutions as a value achieved through giving the truth. In this case, he argues that each institution must adopt the culture of giving the truth in its judgment. Otherwise, the laws and institutions must undergo reforms in cases where there is no truth. The implementation of truth and reforms in the justice system results into equality and respect of the rights of each individual in the society. On the other hand, the author also summarizes the subject of justice in the society. He argues that social justice is the basic structure of the society that respects and protects fundamental rights and duties in any social set up. Therefore, there must be legal protection of the thoughts and conscience of individuals in competitive and private case (Rawls, p, 46-49). In summary, the main objective of the theory of justice is to create principles that are rational and form the basic structure of the society. Individuals should accept positions of equality in the society as determinants of their association.   In such cases, there will be social cooperation that binds people to their basic rights and duties in the society. Hence, the truth will prevail in the society leading to fair justice.

Analysis of The House of Spirits by Isabel Allende Essay

After being accused of being possessed by the devil and visited by her Uncle Marco’s dead body, Clare del Valle began to keep a diary. Fifty years later, her journal was used to solve the puzzle of a family history. In The House of Spirits, Isabel Allende tells the story of many generations of a family in Latin America. There are three prominent themes in The House of Spirits by Isabel Allende. First, the social divide between those who are â€Å"civilized† and those who are supposed barbarians. Second, the influence of women and their role in society. Third, the clash between social classes. The first major theme in The House of Spirits is the division between civilization and savagery. The country in which the story takes place remains†¦show more content†¦Every woman in The House of Spirits is a protagonist, who each work in different ways to protect their rights. Alba, Clara, and Blanca remain the focus of the story, while the men enter through means of love and marriage. The major events that dominate the story are experiences central to these women, including childbirth, sexual and physical violence, and abortion. Besides Nivea’s devotion to female suffrage, the women rarely condemn gender inequality for their struggles. Each woman’s life is, however, scarred by this. The women in The House of the Spirits are strong women who do not submit to mistreatment. The women affect more permanent and extreme changes than any of the men implement. For example, the men lead revolutions that temporarily collapsed the government, and soon after those revo lutions failed. The women have more exquisite methods. By teaching people to read and to write and to practice health care, by setting curses, and by refusing to speak aloud increases productivity in implementing long-lasting change in society. For example, when Clara’s husband, Esteban, abuses her, she stops speaking to him. She then restores her maiden name, and moves out of Tres Marà ­as and back to the city, with her daughter Blanca. However, she preserves a civil relationship with him until her demise. Acting out violently against Esteban may have been effective temporarily, but not speaking to him enforced a permanent change in theirShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of the House of the Spirits by Isabel Allende1608 Words   |  7 PagesIn the book Isabel Allende experiments with various literary devices. The many different narrative voices used in this book allow the reader to understand the book from dissimilar perspectives. As the story unfolds, one can see the symbolism th at occurs in many of the events. The story revolves around the different generations of the Del Valle family. Symbolism is used as a literary device in this book to apply ideas and images to explain something in particular. Symbolism provides meaning to theRead MoreSummary Of The House Of The Spirits 1651 Words   |  7 PagesJune 23, 2017 The House of the Spirits, a Women’s World January 8, 1981, Allende begin writing a goodbye letter to her 99-year-old grandfather who was dying, she narrates in her biography, Paula, â€Å"I wanted to tell him not to worry, that nothing would be lost of the treasury of anecdotes he had told me through the years of our comradeship; I had forgotten nothing† (Levine). Once she started she could not stop, it quickly turned into her family story titled, The House of the Spirits. This book was aRead MoreEssay on Isabel Allendes The House of the Spirits1609 Words   |  7 PagesIsabel Allendes The House of the Spirits In many novels, relationships shape a character. Throughout Isabel Allendes The House of the Spirits dissimilar individuals constantly come together to form relationships that change or develop their disposition. While Allende uses relationships to build upon a character, she also depicts a characters living environment in order to confirm their true soul and lifestyle. Due to the observation of both relationships and environments, a characters trueRead MoreAnalysis of â€Å"Dark Shadows† as a Gothic Masterpiece2169 Words   |  9 PagesAnalysis of â€Å"Dark Shadows† as a Gothic Masterpiece To most, when asked to define what Gothic is, they will state that it is similar to any other story, just with more â€Å"darkness.† This is because Gothic stories all have a classic story line. First, there is the main character’s back story, if any is then told. Next, there are events that lead up to a horrible incident that is the climax of the story. Lastly, the character finds some way to fix the situation or free him- or herself fromRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageslamentable. Taken together, the key themes and processes that have been selected as the focus for each of the eight essays provide a way to conceptualize the twentieth century as a coherent unit for teaching, as well as for written narrative and analysis. Though they do not exhaust the crucial strands of historical development that tie the century together—one could add, for example, nationalism and decolonization—they cover in depth the defining phenomena of that epoch, which, as the essays demonstrate

Crime and Punishment Intent Makes the Difference Essay

There are many different types of crime and punishment in medical law ranging from criminal to civil. Below I will explain the difference of criminal and civil and give descriptions of the different types of crime and punishment in the two categories. What is a criminal crime or act? The definition of criminal is anyone who has committed a criminal offense (a crime against the state) or who has been proven guilty of such an offense. Criminal crimes have two types of charges, misdemeanors and felonies. A misdemeanor is an offense less serious than a felony and which can be punished by a fine or sentence to a local prison for less than a year. A felony is a crime more serious than a misdemeanor and punishable by imprisonment for more†¦show more content†¦We are hearing more and more about mercy killings within the medical field than murder or attempted murder. Euthanasia is also known as mercy killing. Euthanasia is defined as an intentional action or lack of action causing t he merciful death of someone suffering from a terminal illness or incurable condition. Mercy Killings most often happen from relatives of the victim. A man was convicted of mercy killing when he assisted in the death of his wife by giving his wife an additional amount of morphine who was on hospice suffering from cancer. She begged for him to help her pass peacefully. He thought he was doing well by his wife’s wishes. The man was sentenced to jail for the crime of Euthanasia. In some mercy killing cases the dependent were prosecuted and sentenced to jail while others were sentenced to probation. Is it ok to allow someone to suffer or help them pass peacefully? Unfortunately I don’t think that question will ever get answered. Euthanasia is very difficult for society and the courts to determine an outcome because each case is different and unique. The opposite of Euthanasia is Manslaughter. Manslaughter is defined as an unpremeditated taking of a human life. Most often s een with judgment error from physicians or staff from a physician’s office, hospital and labs. One of the biggest examples of manslaughter is the case of the people verse Dr. Conrad Murray dealing with the death of celebrity pop star Michael Jackson. Dr.Show MoreRelatedCriminal Law Explained Essay586 Words   |  3 Pagesalso ensuring a fair process for those accused. 2) What is the difference between a crime and non-criminal wrong? Crimes are labeled by our government to list what citizens have to obey, such as paying taxes and obviously killing and stealing are not permitted. The intent of these laws is to speak on the behalf of the people who live in the country or state. This means they are out to protect the people from the listed crimes. However, the Constitution cannot cover every little circumstance andRead MoreJuvenile Vs Juvenile915 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile v. Adult Corrections Juvenile delinquents use to not face police or a correction system, only the fear and punishment of their families. However, as the juvenile delinquents aged they were faced with harsher punishments, but it was not until the 1800s reformers started looking for ways to teach values and built asylum and training schools. Then the concept of parens patriae occurred to establish the right to intervene in a child’s life when there were issues (Siegel, 2016). The next majorRead MoreMurder And Capital Punishment Is Not The Same Thing1550 Words   |  7 PagesMurder and Capital Punishment are not the same thing. Murder is evil, while capital punishment is retribution. It’s hard to say exactly what is right and wrong a lot of the time. Do we define right and wrong as two lists of things that a community has almost arbitrarily split down the middle to label? Or do we label right and wrong as what we consider to be bad through means of trial and error? Even then, you can begin t o ask more questions like how does one define â€Å"bad†, what is â€Å"bad† for one communityRead MoreThe Classical School Of Criminology776 Words   |  4 PagesCh3 q1. The major principles in the classical school of criminology include as a being, one makes fundamentally sane decisions, and those decisions come from liberated will that is accompanied with coherent choosing. Another standard is painfulness and happiness, which are used as determining factors of human conduct. As a deterrent, violations of the law set the standard for the rest of society to abide by. Ones principles of acceptance and non-acceptance are inherent in our lives, in which it cannotRead MoreThe Code Of Hammurabi : How Does It Differ From The Past?1716 Words   |  7 Pageshistorian attempt to obtain is not as important as the way it effects daily life, which creates history as we know it. It will look at the discrepancy between who created the document and who actually wrote it, the diffe rence between why a document is important and why it survives, how the intent of the author based on their world view does not directly correlate to the fulfilment of the document either originally or after time, and try to understand this civilization and the impact it has had on livesRead More1.I Believe It Is Time To Add Items To The Constitution943 Words   |  4 Pagesideas can be brought attention in modern times. While some items can be added for a more updated modern issues such as technology, and ethical standpoints. This can greatly benefit the Constitution more thoroughly. Since that is one of the major differences it holds in today s time. 2. Due to formulated and implemented regulations within the government system. The President is unable to obtain much authority or power. This is known as Limited Government. For example, the President cannot declareRead MoreWhy We Need Laws1548 Words   |  7 Pagessociety. With each passing year, more and more laws are coming into effect. Consequently, more and more people are growing incognizant of the laws that govern them. In effect, this ignorance of the law nullifies its effectiveness as a deterrent of crime. Therefore, modern law has taken a more passive role as a medium for holding people accountable for their actions. Voltaire once said that #8220;a multitude of laws in a country is like a great number of physicians, a sign of weakness and maladyRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System1700 Words   |  7 PagesIn order for the Criminal Justice System to effectively deter crime, it is imperative to understand what causes crime, understand why crime exists and why offenders engage in criminal behaviour. In the 18th century criminologists such as Jeremy Bentham, Cesare Bonesana-Beccaria and Cesare Lombroso all established criminological theories, in an attempt to achieve this goal. The most influential theories are known as the Classical and Positivist perspectives. Both of these theories have had a long-termRead MoreClassical Criminological Theory On Crime And Punishment1318 Words   |  6 Pagesconception, is classical criminological theory still relevant to today’s society in explaining the causes of crime? This essay will address this question by discussing the major components of classical criminological theory while highlighting its strengths and weaknesses. The essay will also examine a more modern criminological theory, Merton’s anomie/strain theory, and decipher major differences between the two theories. This essay will also explain the aspects of classical criminological theory thatRead MoreCourt History and Purpose812 Words   |  4 Pagesa part of the judicial branch in the three branches of government. This means that in this branch the laws are interpreted. Like the other two branches, it works to keep the criminal justice system running as smoothly as possible. The laws are make in the legislative branch and i s enforced in the executive branch. The police are a part of the executive branch. So when some one breaks a law, the job of the police, executive branch, is to arrest or ticked said offender. After an arrest or a

Information System Briefing Free Essays

Information system briefing By Adrienne Williams Healthcare Information systems HCS/483 10/16/12 Instructor Dionne Mahaffey Introduction In this information system briefing I will be discussing the process of researching and selecting Good information systems, when selecting a system you must always know the goal of the organization. mainly how this change can affect the stakeholders selection process. This system is distinct by way of an electrical form of communicating information (American Heritage Dictionary). We will write a custom essay sample on Information System Briefing or any similar topic only for you Order Now In studies it’s clear to see the theory of information systems is just shared ideas and information; telecommunication though a computer. This type of technology has become very valuable when it comes to teaching and learning material system modules for any organization. In most accomplishment the general point of the project rest on having a system in place that can implementing a plan to meet the necessities of the healthcare Manufacturing business world today. Applying an information system is always a difficult task. It’s very significant to select a system that will benefit the organization accomplishments. Information Systems Briefing In many cases when it comes to healthcare organization being up to speed with the latest technology can and will help offer top notch patient care services. Most organization who are up to date has an department dedicated to information system it is in place to safeguard the technology up to the standards it needs to be. Updating this type of technology can be a bit of a challenge. The company always has a team of people to organize the information must choose the best technology for them to achieve the goals that are set for the company. Stakeholders are involved in every part of the planning and the setting up of the goals if the organization if the stakeholders do not know the steps about the information system technology they won’t know what’s taking place. Once goals are set into place it’s no longer difficult to choose the right information system. Part of the process of getting the system to work correctly for the company can be completed however it’s quite lengthy. The selection of a new healthcare information system (HIS) has been known to be overwhelming process for most clinicians. If the company can prevent any past mistakes of other companies that have tried but failed that will be of lessons learned. What’s to keep in mind is number of collaborators involved in electronic healthcare interventions. It’s identified and classified by five categories: data management, data creation, data sharing, modules management and data presentation. When reading what needs to be done in the selection of obtaining an information system, it is set in place to be how the organization will begin. Then the research for the right system the organization has picked is done. While doing the research, everyone involved should understand be able to understand the technology before it is introduces to the entire organization (kim, king, Brown, 2010). The ones who the team always aim to impress is the stakeholders, with that being said the all teams will have to exhibit the main topics to the stakeholders before applying this system into the organization. When implementing the system another important part of the research is for the shareholders to understand the process for this system, (Martin, Sargent, Naomi, Swiernik, 2011). The cost is another portion that must go to the stakeholders. Closing When strategic planning is finished, the motivation for every person involved has increased and it built a shared vision to see the success of the project. When the members of the team have great communication that is what makes the key to a successful project. The members of the vision ,clarity, and good performance measures all play a role. Reference page Romanow, Darryl; Sunyoung Cho; Straub, Detmar. MIS Quarterly. Sep2012, Vol. 36 Issue 3, piii-A18. 26p. 24 Charts, 2 Graphs. Paschali, Kallirroi; Tsakona, Anna; Health Science Journal, 2012 Jul-Sep; 6 (3): 418-31 (journal article – algorithm, review) ISSN: 1108-7366 How to cite Information System Briefing, Essay examples

Music Publishing free essay sample

Music Publishing has always plays a vital role In music business since mid- sass. The earliest printed music is known as religious chant from 1465. In fact, almost all the music printed before the 16th century belongs or owned by the Catholic Church. Since the 14th century until present times, Music Publishing has experienced a long progressive evolution. (Sonatas, Inc. 2013) With the Invention of the lithograph In 1798 which allows massive amounts of sheet music could be cheaply printed, it brought along a massive, palpable shift in lifestyle and production in the music market. Ibid 2013) In America, Over 10,000 popular ones were printed and that was the time when Publishers did not need to promote individual pieces as the homes were filled with the same music. (ibid 201 3) Looking deeper into modern music publishing, the roots can be traced back to the Tin Pan Lealer, a name given to a group of music sheet publishers who collected on West 28th Street in the late 19th, early 20th Century in New York City. We will write a custom essay sample on Music Publishing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (B. N.Shrug, 26 Novo 07) Tin Pan Alley was a major publisher during the time and they consists of publishing staffs included Plano demonstrators, arrangers, composers and lyricists, Hence, Tin Pan Alley became an assembly line creating popular songs. O. Flatus, 3 May 06) The Success was measured by the sale of sheet music. Around sometimes in 1913, the first sheet music sales chart was started by the Billboard Magazine, and the sales of sheet music and music related books was further boosted by the Vaudeville an Broadway, leading to the open up of new markets for sheet music. Ibid 3 May 06) On the other hand, the invention and introduction of Thomas Editions Gramophone and the phonograph cylinder coincides with the happening of Tin Pan alley. (B,N. Shrug, 26 Novo 07) Since then the advent of recording technology at the turn of 19th entry contributed to a shift and change in the way popular music is produced and consumed. (D. Furring. 2011) However the, dramatic shift from printed music to recorded music did not occur until the development of the (B. N Shrug, 26 Novo 07).Sheet music hung onto its popularity for some time, and was outpaced by records around the mid-sass. (Sonatas, Inc. 2013) Stephen Foster- one of Americas earliest and greatest songwriters is know to have died penniless. Despite its popularity, as royalties were nor recognized and unheard at the turn of the late 1 8th century. (J. Flatus, 3 May 06) An organization ASAP was hen formed in 1914 to protect the copyrighted music compositions of its members. (B. N Shrug, 26 Novo 07) Slowly in sasss, the organization expanded with the Introduction of the new invention called radio. Ibid 26 Novo 07) In 1926, the first radio network was formed by The Westinghouse Broadcasting Company which also opened KODAK[2]. 0. Flatus, 3 May 06) Due to the owners of radio stations that did not like paying what they considered exorbitant license fees to ASAP for the performances of musical compositions, the broadcasters united and formed their own organizations called ml[3] in an effort to drive the license fees down. B. N Shrug, 26 After the vaudeville era, when more audiences were listening to the radio, airtime became a precious commodity. D. Jansen, 2 Novo 1988) Slowly, along with getting a star to use a song in the act or on the air, the publishers discovered that early in the history of Tin Pan Alley, the songs cover played a vital role in selling of the popular music sheet. (ibid, 2 Novo 1988) Starting from the mid-sass, publishers started to took great care and attentions with their covers to served as an incentive for the performer to retain the song and to encourage fans of the performer to purchase the heed as a souvenir. Ibid, 2 Novo 1988) Symbolically, Tin Pan Alley died on April 12, 1954 as the era of Tin Pan alley was over and taken by international rock n roll star Elvis Presley that stirs up the new trend. And slowly the music business market were dominated by teenagers who valued the performance more than the written music and words. (ibid, 2 Novo 1988) And so it evolutes along with the time progressively Joint the present times. Music Publishing, in another way of expressing it is literally making musi c into money. In present time frame, music publishers are concerned with administering uprights, licensing songs to record companies and others. Besides that they collects royalties on behalf of the songwriter. The royalties are divided into a different categories such as Mechanical royalties, Foreign Monies, Synchronization Licenses, Public Performance royalties etc due to the evolution progress of the market and era, the royalties formed for each and individual use and conditions. (K.Alan, 2013) However, with the change of time and era, most of the Music Publishers are facing Challenges as the a lot of songwriters in present time are increasingly becoming as heir own music publishers, cutting out the the middleman which is the music publisher and dealing directly with managing and promoting their own catalogs. (Z. Kevin 2013) Besides that, with the rise of the technology, royalties and copyrights are more violated than before hence causing the gradual down fall and increase of hardships for Musi c publishers. Furthermore, Piracy has becoming one of the biggest Issue in current time comparing to the past when technologies such as internet have not yet exist or popular. Leakage of the copyrighted materials goes viral everywhere n the internet causing a great amount of lost for music publishers. Hence, Music Publishers hangs on more to organizations such as CASES, IBM, ASAP or PROS. These are a form of performing rights organizations (PRO) in the US representing songwriters and music publishers and pays them performance royalties whenever their song are played in public. Z. Kevin 2013) In my personal opinions, in may be Just a decade of time or two, it will be harder for smaller music publisher to stand firm alone not depending or branch under the major music publishers. This is due to the increasing of of independent musician ND self music publishers. Hence it will contribute to decrease in clients or customers of the music publishers as they are less in demand in the market. However, the major music publishing will still remain standing firm as it still holds on different trends in the future.

Essay on International Families

Essay on International Families Essay on International Families Introduction The family structure on an international basis comes from the diverse nature of the world. This is basic even in the simple family structure. The status, â€Å"nuclear family† does not give sense to our society as it once did. The change in the mode of family diverts to single parents as single parents raise more children. The growth of diverse families in terms of religion, race and ethnicity increases with globalization. The differences are common in the life of children, making it a comfort issue in the making of unique family decisions. Families are different, making it difficult to link the similarities and differences. Children are likely to compare their family situations with others making it viable for them to get lessons on appreciation. Comparison on international families International families consists of traditional and the modern family. To analyze this understanding, we look at the family in terms of sociology. International families come in different sizes and family types. The modern family is smaller but uses independence to ensure continuity and growth in the family. The traditional family protects its members by using obedience and bringing the family together. The modern family displays as a nuclear family comprising of a father, mother and children. The average number of children may be one or two depending on the family setting. The comparison of this in the traditional family is the existence of extended individuals. The traditional family setting comprises of more children, grandparents, parents and sometimes aunties and uncles. International families also differ in the roles played in the family. The modern international families present a working father and mother. Both their income help in the upkeep of the family. The father helps in the family chores and in the taking care of the children. The mother and father share equality in the roles presented in the family. The traditional family provides a different setting where the father financially provides for the family. The mother’s responsibility is in taking care of the house chores and in taking care of the children. The other difference is in the values of the family. The modern family values independence. They take matters into their own hands, working to secure responsibility of their actions. This transfers to their children making them independent. The traditional family values obedient values with the father being the main authority of the family. As a result, the children depend on the family. The families display many differences, but also have many similarities. Both families focus on the family’s happiness. The modern family ensures happiness through sharing responsibilities and promoting independence. The traditional family aims at pro tecting the family by ensuring followed authority. The analysis of the families will be in form of values, cultural aspects and relations. Values The interception of family values into the family extends to ensuring working within the set beliefs and standards. It comes with importance for international families to consider the difference in upbringing children. Values of a family help in the definition of beliefs and importance of family growth. The high series of staggering statistics indicate high rates of single mothers, divorce, and reduced child bearing statistics in black families. The difference between the white and black family has an achievement in terms of maintaining stability approach. The â€Å"black family† tales charge in urban centers experience incompleteness in urban centers. An analysis of a documentary, provides us with details pertaining the growth of the family in different views. The documentary follows up very well through on the two high school students, William Gates and Arthur Agree, as they went through with their education in their first year of college. The movie plays a superb role in th e film industry because it is used as a tool to demonstrate some of the social issues faced in the inner city life in the poor black neighborhood. The movie also portrays that it really takes a lot of support either from family, friends as well as a lot of self-motivation in order to encourage and achieve the kind of dreams that transform Arthur Agree’s life having to know the kind of harsh reality that they were facing already not knowing what lay ahead of them. This is seen in the movie as it entails the story of two high school students In Chicago who had a dream of becoming professional basketball players. The two African American teenagers; Arthur Agree and William Gate, studied in a white, Roman Catholic high school called St. Joseph High School in Westchester, Illinois after being recruited by the schools’ scout (Kalman 202). Cultural aspects Cultural aspects play a big role in bringing up children. Different families follow different cultural aspects. International families hold cultural values passed down from their ancestors. Despite the economic adversity, long hours commuting, change in environment and difficult training, Agree and Gates worked very hard to enhance their basketball skills despite the competitive industry in the job. Their families also played an important role in supporting them with the school basketball program. In the film, we get to see Americas’ present view of education, race, economic diversity, social class and values. William Gates of the two students is obsessed to play in the National Basketball Association. Four years down the line, William Gates progresses to the Nike All-America basketball camp. During the camp, one of the coaches, Mr. Lee, informs them that the only reason they were in the camp was to make their schools win and make a lot of money. At the camp, the college coach es tended to overlook high school players. Family relations differ in the procedures of solving neglect and in the advice of teenagers. In relating with other individuals, the life of children varies from the system followed at home and that of school (Mcbride 228). The description of the film shows the family as a social institution relating with the American community. For example in the case scenario where ‘coach Lee’ gives advice to Arthur Agree and William Gates that everything they were getting involved was at it about money and even quoted; â€Å"the whole thing is about money† and tried to explain how they were being used by the school so that it would win and make a lot of money. He even went to further to tell them that, the only way that people like them, people from the poor black neighborhood, would defend themselves as well as their interests from such situation, was through being aware of the fact that it was not just about playing basketball but everything was revolving around money (Mernissi 235). Arthur Agree lived with his parents who broke up but later made u and were back together after Arthur’s father had a drug problem (crack) but managed to get over it. They lived in the Cabrini-Green housing project, whereas; William Gates lived with his single mother and his older brother called Curtis who had missed his own basketball career in college but didn’t give up but rather invested his dreams in his younger brother William Gates. He had so much trust in his small brother such trust in his younger brother such that he even made a comment saying he does not see how the brother, William Gates was not going to make it through his career. Arthur Agree meets his hero in basketball, Isaiah Thomas, an NBA star when he visited St. Joseph High School. William is very excited and makes big smiles as he goes one on one with his favorite basketball star. Isaiah’s had been a student at St. Joseph High School. Arthur Agree and William Gate get temporary scholarships to St. Josephs High School because the school seemed to be a lifetime opportunity to prosper in the pro career in basketball. William and Arthur read at a fourth grade level. William finds a private sponsor to support him cater for the tuition share through St. Josephs high school after facing financial constraints. This only happens after William decides to improve on his reading level and fairing on well in the varsity basketball team. On the other hand, Arthur does not fair on well in his sports or academics. He has indecent behavior in class and gives an excuse that he has been around many white people though he was ready to adjust. Arthur’s coach, Coach Pingatore, sees this kind of behavior as a way of deteriorating to the influence of the new environment Arthur was in (Scheibner 213). Image and identity is differently laid in the public and private sector. The private aspect of the film concentrates on the main issues concerning smoking. Arthur, both in the private and public setting, does not show a difference in his opinion on smoking. His statements in the private setting of his company can be compared to while he is in public. It is controversial as in the real world; many people will have two different characters. In public, attributes of calmness, understanding, and action orientation will be portrayed, but in private, they will posses opposite attributes (MapXL 45). Relations Through relations international families build a strong relation with other individuals. The overall message outlaid by the film creates a basis for discussion. Various competing views are presented in the film. The flexible views strongly rely on the people who the message is targeted. The movie stats in favor of Arthurs views, as he is perceived to have more relevant opinions. Audiences love him, as he is able to justify his arguments, using statement that will draw the attention of crowds. Knowing well that most people relate to evil things, or bad lifestyles, he uses this aspect to support his views. The stable view is that smoking is going to be a continued aspect no matter the circumstances. It is clear that no matter how many talk shows are held on smoking, the tobacco industry will continue to have a reasonable number of customers. Some patients who have cancer due to smoking continue to hold their smoking habit with an attitude of nothing being able to change the circumstanc es faced. This aspect is unchangeable as control to every individual is difficult to attain (Kalman 202). Conclusion The structure of the family is an international basis comes from the diverse nature of the world. This is basic even in the simple family structure. The status, â€Å"nuclear family† does not give sense to our society as it once did. The change in the mode of family diverts to single parents as single parents raise more children. The growth of diverse families in terms of religion, race and ethnicity increases with globalization. The differences are common in the life of children, making it a comfort issue in the making of unique family decisions. Families are different, making it difficult to link the similarities and differences. Children are likely to compare their family situations with others making it viable for them to get lessons on appreciation. If you need custom essays for money dont hesitate to visit custom writing company now! Affordable prices start from $13/page. Professional writers will help you on any topic.

4 Ways to Increase Your Chances of Getting a Job

4 Ways to Increase Your Chances of Getting a Job You know you’re the best person for the job. So what is the most efficient and effective way to let hiring managers know you’d be an asset to their team? Before you apply for a job, take a good hard look at how you’re presenting yourself. Keep these 4 tips in mind when preparing your professional documents and yourself for the job application process. 1. Tailor Your Resume  for the Specific Job PostingIn the old days, people kept a master  resume with a job history and then dusted it off to update it when it was time to apply for jobs. With so much competition in the workplace, it’s now expected that you will  tailor your resume so that the hiring manager can see right away how  your qualifications match the job description.Use specific language in your resume and put your job history in an order that gears your qualifications toward a specific job. For example, if you’re applying for  an office manager job, purposefully highlight times in the past where you utilized your organization and people management skills.2. Edit your Resume and Cover Letter  Tired Old ClichesAfter a potential employer sees the terms â€Å"team player,† â€Å"transformational leader† and â€Å"responsible for† countless times, it becomes stale and really doesn’t say much about your previous job history.Instead of saying â€Å"responsible for,† use your resume to say what you actually accomplished, in specific numbers, which  benefited the company in your previous job. Don’t call yourself an â€Å"expert.† Let your resume show precisely what your strong points are, and stay away from cliches.3. Skip the ReferencesHere’s another way you can streamline your resume. Years ago, it was expected that your resume would include several references at the bottom  that a hiring manager could call for more information about you as an employee. Now, it’s assumed that  any  potential e mployee can supply references if asked.Some hiring managers even find a resume containing the words, â€Å"references supplied upon request† an annoyance- it’s a given that doesn’t have to be stated.4. Practice Before Your Live InterviewEven though you know you’re a perfect fit for the job, your nerves can betray you in interview day. Getting in some practice of your â€Å"self pitch† in front of a mirror might be a good idea.Your potential employer will surely want to know what assets you can bring to the company, so think about your answer to that question beforehand. Go over your pitch until you feel comfortable so  you will not go suddenly blank when the interview starts. Believe it or not, a statement that has been repeated often enough can appear practiced.

Collective Bargaining Process in P-12 Education Research Paper

Collective Bargaining Process in P-12 Education - Research Paper Example Significant Changes in Education Law Section 3012-c The revamp of the old law carried with it major changes in the evaluation process of teachers and principals, known as the new and improved Annual Professional Performance Review (APPR) system for teachers and principals. â€Å"The new APPR system applies only to evaluations of teachers in the common branch subjects or English Language Arts, and Math in grades four through eight, as well as building principals for the school year 2011-2012. The new APPR system will apply to all teachers and principals effective in the 2012-2013 school years. The APPR system requires teacher and principal evaluations to result in a single composite score made up of the several components† (New York Labor and Employment). The composite score shall be the basis for the teacher’s promotion, retention, tenure, termination, and will entitle the teacher to additional compensation. The composite score shall be divided into the following criter ia: The first 40% percent shall be based on the student’s achievement and the other 60% shall comprise of the teacher’s overall effectiveness. Modification of the Existing Provisions of Collective Bargaining Agreement Based on the labor relations standpoint, the requirement of a negotiated appeals process is one of the more contentious aspects of the new law. The appeals process by the way, is developed locally, wherein the teacher or principal shall have the right to question the basis of the evaluation. The factors taken in deriving at such result must be compliant to specific standards and guidelines for reviews and implementation of a â€Å"Teacher Improvement Plans† (TIP) and the â€Å"Principal Improvement Plans† (PIP). This method will be used for those teachers and... It aims to discuss the direct relationship of the new law to the concurrent provisions contained in the previous collective bargaining agreements. Due to the enactment of the new law, it mandated that all collective bargaining agreements entered by teachers and building principals after July 1, 2010 must be harmonize and complement with provisions of the new law. This report stresses that the new law does not require the school district, BOCES, parents’ and teachers’ representative union to indicate the references used in the newly incorporated provisions in the successor collective bargaining agreements. Strict observance must be complied as regard to the consistencies with the provisions of the new Education Law. This paper makes a conclusion that the enactment of the new law redounds to the benefit of the school district, BOCES, teachers and principals because they are given equal opportunities to improve their existing conditions and opens doors for more better opportunities which they can enjoy in the future. In the case of the students, they will be ensured of quality education as their teachers are required to attain a high level of effectiveness among their students. According to Tom Loveless, â€Å"what is certain however is that the scope of bargaining, although previously restricted in many states with regard to issues of wages, hours and working conditions, has in practice greatly expanded beyond those formal limits†.

Price Elasticity of Demand Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Price Elasticity of Demand - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that in a business aiming at maximizing revenue, the PED has to be exactly 1. A PED higher than 1 reflects a very elastic product where the quantities demanded are largely affected by the price change. The figures in the paper reflect the way the various curves will look like in different scenarios. Mylan Laboratories Mylan Laboratories is a pharmaceutical company in Pittsburgh. The company announced an increase in the prices of their drugs. One client claimed that the company increased the price of a drug referred to as lorazepam from an initial $11 to $85. The man who had been a worker at an oil rig was involved in an accident and is now dependant on those drugs to relieve the pain. He is on a government scheme that entitles him to $1,000 every month. He usually uses around 100 pills every month and he has taken out a loan in order to finance his drug requirements. This move is seen as a means of fleecing the citizens as the pharmaceutical companies await the government to remove patents to some drugs that have long been on the patent list. There are others who are claiming that the move is in anticipation of the new health care bill. The pharmaceutical industry has been under a lot of strain caused by the AIDS pandemic and companies have been criticized for failing to reduce their prices to the benefit of millions of people living with the disease in Africa and Asia. The major point of criticism was the patents that protect these much-needed drugs hence driving costs of the medicine up. Pharmaceutical products are very inelastic as they are considered as necessities. Therefore, the price elasticity of demand for them would not exceed 1. In this case, Mylan Laboratories has increased their prices by close to 600% and this will have an effect on the demand as many people cannot afford the extra expense that is accompanied by the price increment. There are a number of factors that will inform the elasticity of the deman d. First, the availability of substitutes is a major determinant. With the presence of generic drugs that are supplied by competitors, the increase in prices of the patented Mylan Laboratories’ drugs may decrease the demand. The substitutes’ closeness to the Mylan Laboratories’ drugs, their uniqueness and their prices may be the greatest deterrent to Mylan Laboratories increasing revenues from the sale of the drugs even at the increased rates. The second determinant is the cost of switching to the other drugs. Many consumers of drugs are usually covered by insurance companies. If the company is responsible for the purchase of drugs, this might make it impossible or expensive for the consumer to change to other drugs. The price of the patented drugs is too high for the citizens and there has been no significant increase in income. Another problem that may hinder the change in demand for the drugs may be brand loyalty. Some consumers are attached to certain brands such that they become insensitive to price changes. This might be so for the people with greater disposable incomes who still may find the increased prices still within their means. Another determinant of the PED is the time the consumers will take immediately after the increase. Some consumers may wait for some time in order for them to resume buying the product.

Working Across Boundaries: Advantages and Disadvantages

Working Across Boundaries: Advantages and Disadvantages This paper examines the perspective of working across boundaries from the lens of Hunan Resource Management. The paper is split into four main parts. The Introduction which provides the background to working across boundaries as it applies in HRM today. A definition section that examines the different aspects of working across boundaries i.e. social, physical, knowledge and mental. Further examination of some theoretical perspectives including the work of Heracleous. The reason that modern organisations need to work across boundaries together with consideration of strategy and leveraging capabilities. A section that looks at the advantages and disadvantages of working across boundaries with a focus on the public sector including healthcare organisations and local authorities. The conclusions summarise the key points. DEFINING WORKING ACROSS BOUNDARIES During the last decade, the concept of working across boundaries has become a popular concept. The basic premise is that individuals and organisation need to traverse boundaries if they are to achieve their goals. Essentially earlier concepts of fixed organisational demarcation lines no longer apply in modern day business concepts. Within the organisational framework the concept of boundaries can become a reasonably complex issue. There still remains an active debate as to whether the definitions of boundaries are realistic, objective or imagined. The concept has become more complex with the use of outsourcing and Public/Private partnerships in terms of lines of demarcation and authority. (Bishop, 2003) The concept of boundaries within organisations takes on different shapes and forms. Much of this has to do with social and knowledge boundaries. The explosion in technological and communication advances has simplified the concept of working across boundaries. Despite the fact that organizations still are challenged to collaborate and share information, nevertheless individuals seem much more liberated in this regard with advancement in social media. Russ Linden is one author who has investigated this, with particular focus on Public sector organisations. (Linden, 2003). The old fashioned concept of organizational design was the creation of silos or departments where functions, roles and responsibilities would be clearly defined within the context of a hierarchical matrix. For example Sales, Finance, Production would each be self-contained units within the organisation and clearly defined lines of demarcation within the business. The Heads of these Departments would be Senior Managers and expected to collaborate with one another but not trespass into the other domains. The holistic business strategy relied upon each unit to fulfil its role within the overall strategic plan. As organisations involved in size and complexity this model posed serious shortcomings and new thought processes were required. This required improved leadership thinking and more collaboration across boundaries. (Stevens, 2006). Working across boundaries remains an important part of Public Sector relationships and impose significant challenges to business operations but they create distinctive value sets and improved goals in the business relationships (Sullivan, 2007) Concepts of working across boundaries In management terms boundaries are often classified as lines of demarcation that often impose constraints. Those items that determine managerial effectiveness. For example: how a business works within the confines of a specific environment; the concept of specific leadership styles and the influence on organizational behaviour. It was Heracleous  [1]  who pointed out in 2004 that both organisations and the environments they function in are inter-related. They create structures and social orders that assist in the definition of the business and its purpose. (Heracleous, 2008) Understanding social boundaries This essentially relates to the relationships that are formed between groups of individuals within an organization. Heracleous maintained that boundaries have remained central to the thinking of social scientists in the establishment of social boundaries between groups and individuals. Particular reference made to that of transactions costs and how modern technology like sophisticated communications and the internet have had a profound impact here. It has directed whether the boundaries have either diminished or enlarged and the effect on production costs has influenced important decisions like that of outsourcing or internalisation of specific tasks. (Heracleous, 2004). Understanding social change can be studied by the adoption of Lewins Forecefield Analysis. There are numerous models that you can adopt to examine the impact of Change to the Organization. One common method approach is that of Lewins Forecefield Analysis. Fig 1 provides an example of the model. Figure Force field Analysis exampleThis enables you to examine both the driving and restraining forces that emerge as a result of the proposed changes. The model is particularly good for identifying forces that are considered to be polarized i.e. a change in one condition creates an equal and opposite effect in the other. The model was designed by Lewin to assist the Process Analyst to guide people through the unfreeze, move and refreeze stages of business process analysis. It is also an excellent means of demonstrating the dynamics that are in play. So by completion of the Force field Model you have acquired the data in order to complete Lewins Three Step Model. In the Unfreeze you examine the status quo and those driving forces for change. You can decrease the resisting forces against change. The move element involves taking actions and moving people. The freeze means make the changes permanent and establish new ways of doing things. Introduce concept of rewards for achieving the d esired outcomes. Understanding knowledge boundaries The sharing of knowledge has both an internal and external boundary. For example in the internal model it is desirous for information to be shared between the Sales and Marketing departments. This empowers both department to do a better job. Externally, there is the sharing and collaboration of knowledge and information between allies. For example a UK based company and its overseas subsidiary. In order for an organization to be successful it must manage its four pillars of knowledge. These being Leadership, Organization, Technology and Learning. Information Technology (Pillar 3) has achieved an amazing impact in the promotion and dissemination of knowledge in the business environment. Unfortunately Technology has had a greater influence on guiding the strategic planning of organizations, as opposed to the other way round. One example being that of Enterprise Planning Systems like SAP and J.D. Edwards One World system. Organizations have re-engineered their knowledge base and business processes in order to meet the integrated demands of the software application. (Bixler, 2002) Knowledge Managers need to understand that despite the many advantages Information Technology (IT) has to offer the workplace it is not a magic utopian panacea. Equally any Information Technology application that undervalues Knowledge Management will equally fail in the business place. (Mohammed). If Knowledge Management is to be considered effective with IT in business it must be treated as its equal partner. Knowledge Managers have criticised IT as being lacking in areas like tacit knowledge. Hence there is a need to incorporate items of behavioural consideration and cognitive function. (Bixler, 2002) There is an increasing demand and challenge being placed upon the CIOs of business organizations and as such Managers need to become more vocal about their expectations and use the four pillars as a framework in order to further improve the integration of knowledge in the organization. Understanding physical boundaries The concepts of boundaries are important because it is these that represent challenges which organisations must overcome. Although organisations are essentially construed as open systems and these providing a continued interface with their environment. Many academics still believe that it is management that defines the physical boundaries and how you differentiate between internal and external items. (Schnieder, 1987). In reality it is difficult for management to define these boundaries as organisations have multiple stakeholders; such only by the integration of the combined needs can you truly obtain an understanding of the organisational identity. AS such those members of the organisation are of a precarious nature and there are many different ways in which they may be depicted as being inside or outside of the organisational composition. (Lane, 2000). Understanding Mental boundaries Mental boundaries essentially relate to individual perception of what is considered to be internal or external to the organisation. This being what is considered to be acceptable and that which goes beyond this to the realm of external control. It is this form of cognitive schema that helps individuals to create and understand the different social boundaries within an organisation. These differentiations often create perceptions of attitudes related to us and them and the formation of symbolic boundaries that enable distinctions to be drawn. (Heracleous, 2004). The need to work across boundaries Essentially the need to work across boundaries relates to that of collaboration with other entities in order to help the development and growth of the organisation. This may range from that of strategic business alliances, creation of partnership arrangements, developing business networks and other forms of collaboration and communication in order to benefit the business. Further, the concept of business transformation and organisational change can promote the need to work across boundaries. Hence regardless of the barriers created, being real or imaginary, we are almost compelled to work across them. Advantages and Disadvantages of working across boundaries Advantages of working across boundaries There are numerous advantages to working across boundaries, particularly within the Public Sector environment. Briefly, these may be enumerated as follows: Increase in working collaboration Integration of partnerships with the Private Sector Reduction of costs and process improvements Expanding networks and building knowledge Response to complex public policies Leveraging strategy and operational capabilities Aligning organisations and cultures Improvement of leadership capabilities balancing risk and reward (Blackman, 2010). Increase in working collaboration Historically the concept of collaborative working was rarely recognised as having any strategic importance. Silos were created in both Public and Private sector organisations and many of these departments functioned self-autonomously. In modern day context this has all changed and it is recognised that collaborative working both inter and intra the organization has significant benefits. In particular the organisation is better equipped for: Dealing with business transformation and change Ability to provide better service levels and customer support Optimization of resources and cost reduction strategies Ability to innovate and create by improved knowledge acquisition Easier to transition to new change requirements Increased flexibility and ability to share successes and failures The concept of collaboration is an enabling function that allows you to bring people together with different views and opinions. This concept of diversity enriches the decision making process and improve the dynamics in business working relationships. This has been successfully introduced in the Health Sector in Wales. Here different local authorities were required to formulate med-long term strategic plans. Direct collaboration between the authorities enabled the sharing of knowledge and ideas which facilitated rationalization and a more improved overarching holistic result. (Sullivan, 2007). Another example of collaboration is the ability to bring key stakeholders together in a collaborative environment. This has been effective in both local and central government projects. Bringing the stakeholders together creates greater synergy and improved policy implementation with the organisational setting. Collaboration has extended into areas of joint policy making, as opposed to just sharing information. Geoff Delamare from Surrey County Council states there are some distinct learning points from collaborative working i.e. Creating the level of trust between partners, ensuring transparency in communications and sharing knowledge; admitting mistakes, creating a collaborative environment and not imposing a ruling regime. (McCann, 2012). Integration of partnerships with the private sector Partnership approaches have increased in popularity over the last decade. In the public sector they have obtained wide political support. This has been seen as a means of making process improvements whilst optimizing cost expenditures in order to provide improved value for money. The UK Audit Commission is an example of where they have crossed boundaries to embrace working relationships with counterparts in the European Union (EU). This has been effective in collaboration to help improve inter-governmental policy implementation. (McQuaid, 2000). Reduction of costs and process improvements In these difficult financial times both Central Government public sector bodies and local authorities have been faced with managing tight budgetary programmes and reducing costs. The latter meaning resource and cost optimization in order to show the best returns on investment for monies expended. This has focused attention on streamlining processes in order to create improved efficiencies and eliminate redundancies. In addition, concepts of outsourcing to reduce resource costs and capital expenditure. Local Authorities in the UK have been very active in this area. Barnet Council is implementing an outsourcing plan in order to save  £120m . Others like Cornwall Council have been examining strategic partnerships to outsource both front and back office functions. IT departments remain particularly vulnerable because they are capital intensive and expensive to both operate and maintain. (Terry, 2013). Expanding networks and building knowledge In order for an organization to be successful it must manage its four pillars of knowledge. These being Leadership, Organization, Technology and Learning. Information Technology (Pillar 3) has achieved an amazing impact in the promotion and dissemination of knowledge in the business environment. Unfortunately Technology has had a greater influence on guiding the strategic planning of organizations, as opposed to the other way round. One example being that of Enterprise Planning Systems like SAP and J.D. Edwards One World system. Organizations have re-engineered their knowledge base and business processes in order to meet the integrated demands of the software application. Knowledge Managers need to understand that despite the many advantages Information Technology (IT) has to offer the workplace it is not a magic utopian panacea. Equally any Information Technology application that undervalues Knowledge Management will equally fail in the business place. If Knowledge Management is to be considered effective with IT in business it must be treated as its equal partner. Disadvantages of working across boundaries The main disadvantages of working across boundaries are enumerated as follows: Complexity and Commonality People, Culture and Leadership Power and Politics Performance Accountability and Budgets Complexity and commonality The success to working across boundaries is where sufficient empathy exists to recognise shared goals and values in order to predicate a desired outcome. Where there is a lack of sufficient commonality this can be a serious barrier towards attaining a successful outcome. The importance of shared or common goals is therefore of paramount importance in any collaborative venture. Trying to force collaboration in the wrong environmental setting will most likely incur resistance and ultimately force of costs and resource effort providing little return on investment. One particular example in the Public sector relates to the large failure of IT projects that have often lacked sufficient commonality. In 2003 in the UK a poll stated that only one third of all IT projects were successful. Nearly 70% of all projects being severely challenged or failing in their entirety. (Post Report 200, 2003). People culture and leadership The people issue is extremely important when working across boundaries as it requires a structured but flexible work group that are able to collaborate over both hard and soft structure. In the public sector the staff need to develop cross-boundary skills in order to facilitate inter agency co-operation. These however can be highly influenced by both policy and political agenda. It has been argued that within the public sector the influence of Human Resource Management (HRM) groups have created significant barriers to cross-party working relationships. Lack of good leadership skills in the public sector provided the inability for many senior leaders to work across boundaries and manage complex business transformation programmes. This prevented optimum leveraging of resources between different organisations. Good leaders are important enablers as they are important for leveraging resources, motivating people and ensuring that the work gets done. As such poor leadership constitutes a serious barrier in order to enable working across boundaries. This results in what has often been referred to as silo management style, the inability to progress beyond your own defined domain. Power and Politics The concept of working across boundaries may have a serious influence on the reshaping of power and politics within an organisation. This can be particularly potent where an area is perceived to be under threat. In this sense both politics and power are intertwined and political endorsements have the ability to create tremendous barriers. Ministers set the signals for civil servants to work across boundaries but this is often towards the attainment of specific political agendas. These can be very fickle and subject to change, hence the civil service has to be articulate in how this is both managed and interpreted. Performance in accountability and budgets Improved performance targets have been very popular in recent years. This has meant working across boundaries to optimise business processes and resource effort. Failure in the reconfiguration of performance systems can create significant barriers and a great deal of disruption in provision of remedial action. Budget attainment has equally been criticised in terms of holding Managers responsible for achieving budget figures, despite the fact that cross border relationships have provided them with only limited control and influence over the finances. (Parton, 1998). CONCLUSION The concept of working across boundaries is not a new concept but one that has been with us for many decades. Technology has created more enablers in terms of making this more operationally efficient and the ability to share information and knowledge. The reality of globalisation, struggling financial markets, the need for cost cutting and austerity measures have increased the need for more collaborative working. The use of sharing information in a collaborative environment often results in better outcomes and an improved managed risk portfolio. Leadership skills have become of paramount importance and in particular the skills required to motivate and influence others in a collaborative teamwork environment. Local authorities have been particularly successful in working with private sector relationships in order to enhance service provision, increased efficiencies and implementation of cost reduction programmes.

The Farewell to Miss American Pie

â€Å"Bye-bye Miss American Pie†. These words were now immortalized in the halls of music industry, and perhaps will be last tribute to the legendary era of ‘rock and roll’ and turbulent times of the 60’s. This song was created by Don McLean, and became phenomenal hit in 1971, charting almost four weeks on the billboards. But there is more than saying goodbye to Ms. American Pie, which in itself is a symbol and image to the profound interpretation of the song. The message pierces more than a county boy strumming a guitar, or it speaks beyond the farewell to an unknown lady.Don McLean, in his official website, made interesting comments regarding the song. While he allowed the song to be interpreted in various lenses, he himself confessed that the song was an allusion to historical or factual events, people and places that his song discussed. Don McLean said, â€Å"I am very proud of the song, it’s biographical in nature, and I don’t think anyo ne has ever picked up on that, the song starts off with my memory with the death of Buddy Holly.But it moves on to describe America, as I was seeing it, and how I fantasizing it might become, its part of reality and part of fantasy but I’m always in the song as a witness, or even as a subject, sometimes in some verses† (Starry, Stary Night Video 2000, cited in www. don-mclean . com). Realizing that McLeans work is to be approached in autobiographical sense, the memories of his childhood his personal persuasions and feelings can be deduced.In the very first line, â€Å"A long, long time ago, I can still remember, how the music made me smile, and I knew If I had a chance, that I could make those people dance, and, maybe they’ll be happy for a while†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Miss American Pie lyrics). The persona in the song, was â€Å"I†, a first person point of view, bolstering the point of McLean that this is biographical. The persona clearly stated that it was his à ¢â‚¬Ëœmemory’ and it was his wish to ‘make people smile and happy’ for a while. This simple statement speaks of a typical young man musician’s dream, his own wishful thinking.As also stated in his website, the song was openly dedicated to the death of Buddy Holly and his companions, who died in a plane crash. This tragic death, moved to illustrate the transiency of life, and wishes in that sense are to be as pure, as simply stating: â€Å"chance to make people dance and make them happy for a while†. Clear from the second and third stanza the descriptions were, â€Å"But February made me shiver†¦bad news on the doorstep, I couldn’t make one more step†. This alludes to the death of Buddy Holly, one of the prominent rock singers in the 60’s (RS, 2004).Their plane crashed in February 3, 1959, which shocked their audience of their untimely death. It could be said that the dedication of the song to Buddy Holly was not because he was a major contributor to the genre of McLean’s music, rather, it was a common knowledge that Buddy Holly was the pioneer of rock & roll music, long before, Elvis Presley, and the Beatles invaded the long playing discs. But the death of Buddy Holly was more than the death of an individual, as the song suggests â€Å"This’ll be the day that I die†¦Ã¢â‚¬ .The demise of Buddy Holly signifies the death of a young promising man, the death of dream, and the death of wishful thinking. Linking the first stanza, to the second and third, the dream of the persona, to live, to entertain, presented a harsh reality of transiency, of â€Å"non-permanence of things. Like the death of Buddy Holly, who may epitomize the budding career of an ambitious young man only to be interrupted by the fact that, death is no respecter of persons.The chorus lines, were repetitious saying â€Å"bye-bye Miss American Pie†. The seeming relevance of this allusion is the representation of American Pie, as the symbol of the â€Å"young and vibrant Americans†. As McLean admitted, â€Å"the song was written as my attempt at an epic song about America, and I used the imagery of music and politics to do that. Also, I was influenced by the Sgt. Pepper album, and the American Pie album was my attempt to do that, but the song totally overshadowed the album† (McLean, 2000, cited www.don-mclean. com). Thus, the â€Å"American Pie† is an image of America, and the persona’s attempt to picture the America as it strives to be, and it might become. But contrasting words will reveal that, if the persona illustrates â€Å"American Pie† as the young America, then why a bid of farewell? Is the persona, trying to say goodbye to future America has? Again, it can be viewed skeptically, the young dream, as mentioned earlier, the wishful thinking must not be allowed to vanish, it must move, it must sojourn.The next lines driving the chevy, â€Å"but the l evee was dry†, this illustrates the life of the young America to rise, go or, to go farther, or move on. But the dry levee was said to illustrate the painful realities of life as we move along. Even driving oneself to that dream, the levees of experiences and circumstance would always be dry. A realism is seem to be presented, that life is not a bed of roses, rather it was a long winding trip to the end. The melancholic lines continuously read: â€Å" The good’ol boys were drinking, whiskey and rye, saying this’ll be the day that I die†¦Ã¢â‚¬  .Presenting the realistic point of view, the good old boys verbalized the promising young people, yet with the painful realities, they have succumbed to the defeatists attitude of lurking themselves, as pictured by the words, â€Å"drinking, whiskey and rye†. The drinking symbolizes solitary, loneliness and isolation. This thought bolstered the point of death, and surrender by proclaiming â€Å"this’ll be the day that I die†. Two oppositions may come into the picture.First, wishful thinking and dreams versus the paralyzing truths of life, we may succumb to surrender and declare our defeat with our own death—demise of our dreams, our lives, our hopes. Yet, this could pose as challenge, that the farewell to Miss American Pie, may be a welcome to her—as we welcome the challenges and bitter moments in our lives with energy and courage. The song illustrates several allusions more to the music icons, the rage of politics, the America’s society, but this attempt is to illustrate the more profound meaning of the song, realization of life, and how do we deal with it.As said, we may live and fight be sad, and drink whiskey and rye to our own discontent or we may rise above the situation, and welcome our American Pie, with â€Å"Hi, Hi, Miss American Pie†¦Ã¢â‚¬  SOURCES: Don McLeans. Don McLean’s American pie. American Pie. com. 2007. May 29, 2007 < http://www. don-mclean. com/americanpie. asp> The Immortals: The First Fifty, Rolling Stone Issue, 946. Rolling Stones. April 15, 2004. Bressler, Charles. Literary Criticism: An Introduction to Theory and Practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1994 (please include the source in LA Times, the data is difficult to recover, LA Times, February 3, 1959. )

What Everyone Is Saying About Write Term Papers and What You Should Do

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Business Strategy And The Strategic Moves Of Pfizer

Business Strategy The paper is going to discuss the business strategy and the strategic moves of Pfizer in trying to buy AstraZeneca. In addition, the paper will broadly talk about the environment (PEST analysis), the industry (Porter analysis), and stakeholder influence and business idea concerning AstraZeneca. . It will also demonstrate how the capabilities/ resources and competencies of the company projects are evaluated using the SWOT analysis and the value chain. It will also show some options that are strategic which are available to the company with the motive. Introduction AstraZeneca has a vision of becoming a company which is most valued by businesses, customers and patients. The company also has a mission of establishing medicines with a main and purpose of treating and curing diseases, sufferings and symptoms. The company was founded by two cousins in the year 1849 and in the year 1900 it was converted from a business of the family to incorporation. In addition in the year 1944 it became the leading producer of penicillin and citric acid (Thayer 92). Literature Review The research has made use of a number of academic sources so as to get some historical and current information concerning the topic. The importance of using the academic sources is that they are reliable and contain information that has been gathered by many writers thus making the research very successful. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Strategic Plan of Pfizer Incorporated: A Research1858 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Strategic Plan of Pfizer Pfizer Brief Company Profile Pfizer Inc is a multinational investment company. It ventures in the medical and pharmaceutical industry. It is renowned as a giant pharmaceutical company, founded in 1849. It is based in the United States, New York, Manhattan at Midtown. It is the largest universal producer and trader of pharmaceuticals (Turner, 2005, pg 161). 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